The comprehensive hard materials cover the production, applications and properties of these metals and titanium carbides, nitrides and borides, as well as ceramic tools, super-hard boron nitride and diamond and related compounds. The article includes powder production (including its precursor materials), grinding, granulation, cold and hot pressing, sintering, hot isostatic pressing, hot pressing, injection molding technologies, as well as coating technologies for refractory metals, hard metals and hard alloys. Hard materials. It also covers characterization, testing, quality assurance and applications. Comprehensive hard materials provide meaningful insights into materials at the technological forefront. It helps with the continuous research and development of these materials, thus being an important information resource for the academic community and industry professionals facing future technological challenges.

Key features
Hard materials are at the technological forefront, and continuous research on such materials is crucial for addressing future technological challenges. The users of this work can enhance their understanding of the basic principles and better understand the relationship between process/structure/property.
With the integration of nanotechnology, coating technology and functional gradient materials with the cognitive science of hard alloys, metal ceramics, advanced ceramics, super-hard materials and composite materials, it is clear that the full potential of these materials has not yet been exhausted. This work combines these important research areas and provides users with useful insights through its extensive cross-referencing and thematic introductions.
To link academia with the industrial applications of hard materials and vice versa, this work covers the production, applications and properties of these metals and titanium carbides, nitrides and borides, as well as ceramic tools, super-hard boron nitride and diamond and related compounds.